1 """PWMOut Class for Binho Nova"""
4 from microcontroller.pin import pwmOuts
6 raise RuntimeError("No PWM outputs defined for this board") from ImportError
8 from microcontroller.pin import Pin
11 # pylint: disable=unnecessary-pass
12 class PWMError(IOError):
13 """Base class for PWM errors."""
18 # pylint: enable=unnecessary-pass
22 """Pulse Width Modulation Output Class"""
26 MAX_CYCLE_LEVEL = 1024
28 def __init__(self, pin, *, frequency=750, duty_cycle=0, variable_frequency=False):
29 """Instantiate a PWM object and open the sysfs PWM corresponding to the
30 specified channel and pin.
33 pin (Pin): CircuitPython Pin object to output to
34 duty_cycle (int) : The fraction of each pulse which is high. 16-bit
35 frequency (int) : target frequency in Hertz (32-bit)
36 variable_frequency (bool) : True if the frequency will change over time
39 PWMOut: PWMOut object.
42 PWMError: if an I/O or OS error occurs.
43 TypeError: if `channel` or `pin` types are invalid.
44 ValueError: if PWM channel does not exist.
47 if PWMOut._nova is None:
48 # pylint: disable=import-outside-toplevel
49 from adafruit_blinka.microcontroller.nova import Connection
51 # pylint: enable=import-outside-toplevel
53 PWMOut._nova = Connection.getInstance()
55 PWMOut._nova.setOperationMode(0, "IO")
59 self._open(pin, duty_cycle, frequency, variable_frequency)
68 def __exit__(self, t, value, traceback):
71 def _open(self, pin, duty=0, freq=750, variable_frequency=False):
73 for pwmpair in pwmOuts:
75 self._channel = pwmpair[0][0]
76 self._pwmpin = pwmpair[0][1]
79 if self._channel is None:
80 raise RuntimeError("No PWM channel found for this Pin")
82 if variable_frequency:
83 print("Variable Frequency is not supported, continuing without it...")
85 PWMOut._nova.setIOpinMode(self._pwmpin, Pin.PWM)
90 self._period = self._get_period()
93 self.duty_cycle = duty
95 self._set_enabled(True)
98 """Deinit the Nova PWM."""
99 # pylint: disable=broad-except
101 if self._channel is not None:
102 # self.duty_cycle = 0
103 self._set_enabled(False) # make to disable before unexport
105 except Exception as e:
106 # due to a race condition for which I have not yet been
107 # able to find the root cause, deinit() often fails
108 # but it does not effect future usage of the pwm pin
110 "warning: failed to deinitialize pwm pin {0}:{1} due to: {2}\n".format(
111 self._channel, self._pwmpin, type(e).__name__
117 # pylint: enable=broad-except
119 def _is_deinited(self):
120 if self._pwmpin is None:
122 "Object has been deinitialize and can no longer "
123 "be used. Create a new object."
128 def _get_period(self):
129 return 1.0 / self._get_frequency()
131 def _set_period(self, period):
132 if not isinstance(period, (int, float)):
133 raise TypeError("Invalid period type, should be int or float.")
135 self._set_frequency(1.0 / period)
137 period = property(_get_period, _set_period)
139 """Get or set the PWM's output period in seconds.
142 PWMError: if an I/O or OS error occurs.
143 TypeError: if value type is not int or float.
148 def _get_duty_cycle(self):
149 duty_cycle = Pin._nova.getIOpinValue(self._pwmpin)
151 # Convert duty cycle to ratio from 0.0 to 1.0
152 duty_cycle = duty_cycle / PWMOut.MAX_CYCLE_LEVEL
155 duty_cycle = int(duty_cycle * 65535)
158 def _set_duty_cycle(self, duty_cycle):
159 if not isinstance(duty_cycle, (int, float)):
160 raise TypeError("Invalid duty cycle type, should be int or float.")
162 # convert from 16-bit
163 duty_cycle /= 65535.0
164 if not 0.0 <= duty_cycle <= 1.0:
165 raise ValueError("Invalid duty cycle value, should be between 0.0 and 1.0.")
167 # Convert duty cycle from ratio to 1024 levels
168 duty_cycle = duty_cycle * PWMOut.MAX_CYCLE_LEVEL
171 # pylint: disable=protected-access
172 Pin._nova.setIOpinValue(self._pwmpin, duty_cycle)
173 # pylint: enable=protected-access
175 duty_cycle = property(_get_duty_cycle, _set_duty_cycle)
176 """Get or set the PWM's output duty cycle as a ratio from 0.0 to 1.0.
179 PWMError: if an I/O or OS error occurs.
180 TypeError: if value type is not int or float.
181 ValueError: if value is out of bounds of 0.0 to 1.0.
186 def _get_frequency(self):
187 return int(PWMOut._nova.getIOpinPWMFreq(self._pwmpin).split("PWMFREQ ")[1])
189 def _set_frequency(self, frequency):
190 if not isinstance(frequency, (int, float)):
191 raise TypeError("Invalid frequency type, should be int or float.")
193 PWMOut._nova.setIOpinPWMFreq(self._pwmpin, frequency)
195 frequency = property(_get_frequency, _set_frequency)
196 """Get or set the PWM's output frequency in Hertz.
199 PWMError: if an I/O or OS error occurs.
200 TypeError: if value type is not int or float.
205 def _get_enabled(self):
206 enabled = self._enable
213 raise PWMError(None, 'Unknown enabled value: "%s"' % enabled)
215 def _set_enabled(self, value):
216 """Get or set the PWM's output enabled state.
219 PWMError: if an I/O or OS error occurs.
220 TypeError: if value type is not bool.
224 if not isinstance(value, bool):
225 raise TypeError("Invalid enabled type, should be string.")
228 self._set_duty_cycle(0.0)
230 # String representation
233 return "PWM%d, pin %s (freq=%f Hz, duty_cycle=%f%%)" % (
237 self.duty_cycle * 100,