1 # SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2021 Melissa LeBlanc-Williams for Adafruit Industries
3 # SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
4 """PWMOut Class for Binho Nova"""
7 from microcontroller.pin import pwmOuts
9 raise RuntimeError("No PWM outputs defined for this board") from ImportError
11 from microcontroller.pin import Pin
14 # pylint: disable=unnecessary-pass
15 class PWMError(IOError):
16 """Base class for PWM errors."""
21 # pylint: enable=unnecessary-pass
25 """Pulse Width Modulation Output Class"""
29 MAX_CYCLE_LEVEL = 1024
31 def __init__(self, pin, *, frequency=750, duty_cycle=0, variable_frequency=False):
32 """Instantiate a PWM object and open the sysfs PWM corresponding to the
33 specified channel and pin.
36 pin (Pin): CircuitPython Pin object to output to
37 duty_cycle (int) : The fraction of each pulse which is high. 16-bit
38 frequency (int) : target frequency in Hertz (32-bit)
39 variable_frequency (bool) : True if the frequency will change over time
42 PWMOut: PWMOut object.
45 PWMError: if an I/O or OS error occurs.
46 TypeError: if `channel` or `pin` types are invalid.
47 ValueError: if PWM channel does not exist.
50 if PWMOut._nova is None:
51 # pylint: disable=import-outside-toplevel
52 from adafruit_blinka.microcontroller.nova import Connection
54 # pylint: enable=import-outside-toplevel
56 PWMOut._nova = Connection.getInstance()
58 PWMOut._nova.setOperationMode(0, "IO")
62 self._open(pin, duty_cycle, frequency, variable_frequency)
71 def __exit__(self, t, value, traceback):
74 def _open(self, pin, duty=0, freq=750, variable_frequency=False):
76 for pwmpair in pwmOuts:
78 self._channel = pwmpair[0][0]
79 self._pwmpin = pwmpair[0][1]
82 if self._channel is None:
83 raise RuntimeError("No PWM channel found for this Pin")
85 if variable_frequency:
86 print("Variable Frequency is not supported, continuing without it...")
88 PWMOut._nova.setIOpinMode(self._pwmpin, Pin.PWM)
93 self._period = self._get_period()
96 self.duty_cycle = duty
98 self._set_enabled(True)
101 """Deinit the Nova PWM."""
102 # pylint: disable=broad-except
104 if self._channel is not None:
105 # self.duty_cycle = 0
106 self._set_enabled(False) # make to disable before unexport
108 except Exception as e:
109 # due to a race condition for which I have not yet been
110 # able to find the root cause, deinit() often fails
111 # but it does not effect future usage of the pwm pin
113 "warning: failed to deinitialize pwm pin {0}:{1} due to: {2}\n".format(
114 self._channel, self._pwmpin, type(e).__name__
120 # pylint: enable=broad-except
122 def _is_deinited(self):
123 if self._pwmpin is None:
125 "Object has been deinitialize and can no longer "
126 "be used. Create a new object."
131 def _get_period(self):
132 return 1.0 / self._get_frequency()
134 def _set_period(self, period):
135 if not isinstance(period, (int, float)):
136 raise TypeError("Invalid period type, should be int or float.")
138 self._set_frequency(1.0 / period)
140 period = property(_get_period, _set_period)
142 """Get or set the PWM's output period in seconds.
145 PWMError: if an I/O or OS error occurs.
146 TypeError: if value type is not int or float.
151 def _get_duty_cycle(self):
152 duty_cycle = Pin._nova.getIOpinValue(self._pwmpin)
154 # Convert duty cycle to ratio from 0.0 to 1.0
155 duty_cycle = duty_cycle / PWMOut.MAX_CYCLE_LEVEL
158 duty_cycle = int(duty_cycle * 65535)
161 def _set_duty_cycle(self, duty_cycle):
162 if not isinstance(duty_cycle, (int, float)):
163 raise TypeError("Invalid duty cycle type, should be int or float.")
165 # convert from 16-bit
166 duty_cycle /= 65535.0
167 if not 0.0 <= duty_cycle <= 1.0:
168 raise ValueError("Invalid duty cycle value, should be between 0.0 and 1.0.")
170 # Convert duty cycle from ratio to 1024 levels
171 duty_cycle = duty_cycle * PWMOut.MAX_CYCLE_LEVEL
174 # pylint: disable=protected-access
175 Pin._nova.setIOpinValue(self._pwmpin, duty_cycle)
176 # pylint: enable=protected-access
178 duty_cycle = property(_get_duty_cycle, _set_duty_cycle)
179 """Get or set the PWM's output duty cycle as a ratio from 0.0 to 1.0.
182 PWMError: if an I/O or OS error occurs.
183 TypeError: if value type is not int or float.
184 ValueError: if value is out of bounds of 0.0 to 1.0.
189 def _get_frequency(self):
190 return int(PWMOut._nova.getIOpinPWMFreq(self._pwmpin).split("PWMFREQ ")[1])
192 def _set_frequency(self, frequency):
193 if not isinstance(frequency, (int, float)):
194 raise TypeError("Invalid frequency type, should be int or float.")
196 PWMOut._nova.setIOpinPWMFreq(self._pwmpin, frequency)
198 frequency = property(_get_frequency, _set_frequency)
199 """Get or set the PWM's output frequency in Hertz.
202 PWMError: if an I/O or OS error occurs.
203 TypeError: if value type is not int or float.
208 def _get_enabled(self):
209 enabled = self._enable
216 raise PWMError(None, 'Unknown enabled value: "%s"' % enabled)
218 def _set_enabled(self, value):
219 """Get or set the PWM's output enabled state.
222 PWMError: if an I/O or OS error occurs.
223 TypeError: if value type is not bool.
227 if not isinstance(value, bool):
228 raise TypeError("Invalid enabled type, should be string.")
231 self._set_duty_cycle(0.0)
233 # String representation
236 return "PWM%d, pin %s (freq=%f Hz, duty_cycle=%f%%)" % (
240 self.duty_cycle * 100,