+    def _refresh_area(self, area: Area) -> bool:
+        """Redraw the area."""
+        # pylint: disable=too-many-locals, too-many-branches
+        clipped = Area()
+        # Clip the area to the display by overlapping the areas.
+        # If there is no overlap then we're done.
+        if not self._core.clip_area(area, clipped):
+            return True
+
+        subrectangles = 1
+        rows_per_buffer = clipped.height()
+        pixels_per_word = 32 // self._core.colorspace.depth
+        pixels_per_buffer = clipped.size()
+
+        # We should have lots of memory
+        buffer_size = clipped.size() // pixels_per_word
+
+        if clipped.size() > buffer_size * pixels_per_word:
+            rows_per_buffer = buffer_size * pixels_per_word // clipped.width()
+            if rows_per_buffer == 0:
+                rows_per_buffer = 1
+            subrectangles = clipped.height() // rows_per_buffer
+            if clipped.height() % rows_per_buffer != 0:
+                subrectangles += 1
+            pixels_per_buffer = rows_per_buffer * clipped.width()
+            buffer_size = pixels_per_buffer // pixels_per_word
+            if pixels_per_buffer % pixels_per_word:
+                buffer_size += 1
+
+        mask_length = (pixels_per_buffer // 8) + 1  # 1 bit per pixel + 1
+
+        passes = 1
+        if self._write_color_ram_command != NO_COMMAND:
+            passes = 2
+        for pass_index in range(passes):
+            remaining_rows = clipped.height()
+            if self._core.row_command != NO_COMMAND:
+                self._core.set_region_to_update(clipped)
+
+            write_command = self._write_black_ram_command
+            if pass_index == 1:
+                write_command = self._write_color_ram_command
+
+            self._core.begin_transaction()
+            self._core.send(DISPLAY_COMMAND, self._chip_select, bytes([write_command]))
+            self._core.end_transaction()
+
+            for subrect_index in range(subrectangles):
+                subrectangle = Area(
+                    clipped.x1,
+                    clipped.y1 + rows_per_buffer * subrect_index,
+                    clipped.x2,
+                    clipped.y1 + rows_per_buffer * (subrect_index + 1),
+                )
+                if remaining_rows < rows_per_buffer:
+                    subrectangle.y2 = subrectangle.y1 + remaining_rows
+                remaining_rows -= rows_per_buffer
+
+                subrectangle_size_bytes = subrectangle.size() // (
+                    8 // self._core.colorspace.depth
+                )
+
+                buffer = memoryview(bytearray([0] * (buffer_size * 4)))
+                mask = memoryview(bytearray([0] * mask_length))
+
+                if not self._acep:
+                    self._core.colorspace.grayscale = True
+                    self._core.colorspace.grayscale_bit = 7
+                if pass_index == 1:
+                    if self._grayscale:  # 4-color grayscale
+                        self._core.colorspace.grayscale_bit = 6
+                        self._core.fill_area(subrectangle, mask, buffer)
+                    elif self._core.colorspace.tricolor:
+                        self._core.colorspace.grayscale = False
+                        self._core.fill_area(subrectangle, mask, buffer)
+                    elif self._core.colorspace.sevencolor:
+                        self._core.fill_area(subrectangle, mask, buffer)
+                else:
+                    self._core.fill_area(subrectangle, mask, buffer)
+
+                # Invert it all
+                if (pass_index == 1 and self._color_bits_inverted) or (
+                    pass_index == 0 and self._black_bits_inverted
+                ):
+                    for i, _ in enumerate(buffer):
+                        buffer[i] = ~buffer[i]
+
+                if not self._core.begin_transaction():
+                    # Can't acquire display bus; skip the rest of the data. Try next display.
+                    return False
+                self._core.send(
+                    DISPLAY_DATA, self._chip_select, buffer[:subrectangle_size_bytes]
+                )
+                self._core.end_transaction()
+        return True