Fix indexed bitmaps by correcting argument order at call

[hackapet/Adafruit_Blinka_Displayio.git] / displayio / _tilegrid.py

diff --git a/displayio/_tilegrid.py b/displayio/_tilegrid.py
index 316543d243ee9b90332a63863b1e82bbc4182053..a3f21eb53286aa835fdd9aa6b03b2a5000f8bacd 100644 (file)
--- a/displayio/_tilegrid.py
+++ b/displayio/_tilegrid.py
@@ -17,21 +17,27 @@ displayio for Blinka
 
 """
 
 
 """
 

+import struct

 from typing import Union, Optional, Tuple
 from typing import Union, Optional, Tuple

-from PIL import Image
+from circuitpython_typing import WriteableBuffer

 from ._bitmap import Bitmap
 from ._colorconverter import ColorConverter
 from ._ondiskbitmap import OnDiskBitmap
 from ._bitmap import Bitmap
 from ._colorconverter import ColorConverter
 from ._ondiskbitmap import OnDiskBitmap

-from ._shape import Shape

 from ._palette import Palette
 from ._palette import Palette

-from ._structs import RectangleStruct, TransformStruct
+from ._structs import (
+    InputPixelStruct,
+    OutputPixelStruct,
+    null_transform,
+)
+from ._colorspace import Colorspace
+from ._area import Area

 
 __version__ = "0.0.0+auto.0"
 __repo__ = "https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Blinka_displayio.git"
 
 
 class TileGrid:
 
 __version__ = "0.0.0+auto.0"
 __repo__ = "https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Blinka_displayio.git"
 
 
 class TileGrid:

-    # pylint: disable=too-many-instance-attributes
+    # pylint: disable=too-many-instance-attributes, too-many-statements

     """Position a grid of tiles sourced from a bitmap and pixel_shader combination. Multiple
     grids can share bitmaps and pixel shaders.
 
     """Position a grid of tiles sourced from a bitmap and pixel_shader combination. Multiple
     grids can share bitmaps and pixel shaders.
 


@@ -40,7 +46,7 @@ class TileGrid:
 
     def __init__(
         self,
 
     def __init__(
         self,

-        bitmap: Union[Bitmap, OnDiskBitmap, Shape],
+        bitmap: Union[Bitmap, OnDiskBitmap],

         *,
         pixel_shader: Union[ColorConverter, Palette],
         width: int = 1,
         *,
         pixel_shader: Union[ColorConverter, Palette],
         width: int = 1,


@@ -57,7 +63,7 @@ class TileGrid:
 
         tile_width and tile_height match the height of the bitmap by default.
         """
 
         tile_width and tile_height match the height of the bitmap by default.
         """

-        if not isinstance(bitmap, (Bitmap, OnDiskBitmap, Shape)):
+        if not isinstance(bitmap, (Bitmap, OnDiskBitmap)):

             raise ValueError("Unsupported Bitmap type")
         self._bitmap = bitmap
         bitmap_width = bitmap.width
             raise ValueError("Unsupported Bitmap type")
         self._bitmap = bitmap
         bitmap_width = bitmap.width


@@ -71,10 +77,13 @@ class TileGrid:
         if isinstance(self._pixel_shader, ColorConverter):
             self._pixel_shader._rgba = True  # pylint: disable=protected-access
         self._hidden_tilegrid = False
         if isinstance(self._pixel_shader, ColorConverter):
             self._pixel_shader._rgba = True  # pylint: disable=protected-access
         self._hidden_tilegrid = False

+        self._hidden_by_parent = False
+        self._rendered_hidden = False
+        self._name = "Tilegrid"

         self._x = x
         self._y = y
         self._x = x
         self._y = y

-        self._width = width  # Number of Tiles Wide
-        self._height = height  # Number of Tiles High
+        self._width_in_tiles = width
+        self._height_in_tiles = height

         self._transpose_xy = False
         self._flip_x = False
         self._flip_y = False
         self._transpose_xy = False
         self._flip_x = False
         self._flip_y = False


@@ -96,33 +105,51 @@ class TileGrid:
             raise ValueError("Default Tile is out of range")
         self._pixel_width = width * tile_width
         self._pixel_height = height * tile_height
             raise ValueError("Default Tile is out of range")
         self._pixel_width = width * tile_width
         self._pixel_height = height * tile_height

-        self._tiles = (self._width * self._height) * [default_tile]
-        self._in_group = False
-        self._absolute_transform = TransformStruct(0, 0, 1, 1, 1, False, False, False)
-        self._current_area = RectangleStruct(
-            0, 0, self._pixel_width, self._pixel_height
+        self._tiles = bytearray(
+            (self._width_in_tiles * self._height_in_tiles) * [default_tile]

         )
         )

+        self._in_group = False
+        self._absolute_transform = None
+        self._current_area = Area(0, 0, self._pixel_width, self._pixel_height)
+        self._dirty_area = Area(0, 0, 0, 0)
+        self._previous_area = Area(0xFFFF, 0xFFFF, 0xFFFF, 0xFFFF)

         self._moved = False
         self._moved = False

+        self._full_change = True
+        self._partial_change = True
+        self._bitmap_width_in_tiles = bitmap_width // tile_width
+        self._tiles_in_bitmap = self._bitmap_width_in_tiles * (
+            bitmap_height // tile_height
+        )
+        self._needs_refresh = True

 
     def _update_transform(self, absolute_transform):
         """Update the parent transform and child transforms"""
 
     def _update_transform(self, absolute_transform):
         """Update the parent transform and child transforms"""

+        self._in_group = absolute_transform is not None

         self._absolute_transform = absolute_transform
         if self._absolute_transform is not None:
         self._absolute_transform = absolute_transform
         if self._absolute_transform is not None:

+            self._moved = True

             self._update_current_x()
             self._update_current_y()
 
     def _update_current_x(self):
             self._update_current_x()
             self._update_current_y()
 
     def _update_current_x(self):

+        self._needs_refresh = True

         if self._transpose_xy:
             width = self._pixel_height
         else:
             width = self._pixel_width
         if self._transpose_xy:
             width = self._pixel_height
         else:
             width = self._pixel_width

-        if self._absolute_transform.transpose_xy:
+
+        absolute_transform = (
+            null_transform
+            if self._absolute_transform is None
+            else self._absolute_transform
+        )
+
+        if absolute_transform.transpose_xy:

             self._current_area.y1 = (
             self._current_area.y1 = (

-                self._absolute_transform.y + self._absolute_transform.dy * self._x
+                absolute_transform.y + absolute_transform.dy * self._x

             )
             )

-            self._current_area.y2 = (
-                self._absolute_transform.y
-                + self._absolute_transform.dy * (self._x + width)
+            self._current_area.y2 = absolute_transform.y + absolute_transform.dy * (
+                self._x + width

             )
             if self._current_area.y2 < self._current_area.y1:
                 self._current_area.y1, self._current_area.y2 = (
             )
             if self._current_area.y2 < self._current_area.y1:
                 self._current_area.y1, self._current_area.y2 = (


@@ -131,11 +158,10 @@ class TileGrid:
                 )
         else:
             self._current_area.x1 = (
                 )
         else:
             self._current_area.x1 = (

-                self._absolute_transform.x + self._absolute_transform.dx * self._x
+                absolute_transform.x + absolute_transform.dx * self._x

             )
             )

-            self._current_area.x2 = (
-                self._absolute_transform.x
-                + self._absolute_transform.dx * (self._x + width)
+            self._current_area.x2 = absolute_transform.x + absolute_transform.dx * (
+                self._x + width

             )
             if self._current_area.x2 < self._current_area.x1:
                 self._current_area.x1, self._current_area.x2 = (
             )
             if self._current_area.x2 < self._current_area.x1:
                 self._current_area.x1, self._current_area.x2 = (


@@ -144,17 +170,24 @@ class TileGrid:
                 )
 
     def _update_current_y(self):
                 )
 
     def _update_current_y(self):

+        self._needs_refresh = True

         if self._transpose_xy:
             height = self._pixel_width
         else:
             height = self._pixel_height
         if self._transpose_xy:
             height = self._pixel_width
         else:
             height = self._pixel_height

-        if self._absolute_transform.transpose_xy:
+
+        absolute_transform = (
+            null_transform
+            if self._absolute_transform is None
+            else self._absolute_transform
+        )
+
+        if absolute_transform.transpose_xy:

             self._current_area.x1 = (
             self._current_area.x1 = (

-                self._absolute_transform.x + self._absolute_transform.dx * self._y
+                absolute_transform.x + absolute_transform.dx * self._y

             )
             )

-            self._current_area.x2 = (
-                self._absolute_transform.x
-                + self._absolute_transform.dx * (self._y + height)
+            self._current_area.x2 = absolute_transform.x + absolute_transform.dx * (
+                self._y + height

             )
             if self._current_area.x2 < self._current_area.x1:
                 self._current_area.x1, self._current_area.x2 = (
             )
             if self._current_area.x2 < self._current_area.x1:
                 self._current_area.x1, self._current_area.x2 = (


@@ -163,11 +196,10 @@ class TileGrid:
                 )
         else:
             self._current_area.y1 = (
                 )
         else:
             self._current_area.y1 = (

-                self._absolute_transform.y + self._absolute_transform.dy * self._y
+                absolute_transform.y + absolute_transform.dy * self._y

             )
             )

-            self._current_area.y2 = (
-                self._absolute_transform.y
-                + self._absolute_transform.dy * (self._y + height)
+            self._current_area.y2 = absolute_transform.y + absolute_transform.dy * (
+                self._y + height

             )
             if self._current_area.y2 < self._current_area.y1:
                 self._current_area.y1, self._current_area.y2 = (
             )
             if self._current_area.y2 < self._current_area.y1:
                 self._current_area.y1, self._current_area.y2 = (


@@ -196,107 +228,344 @@ class TileGrid:
         )
         image.putalpha(alpha.convert("L"))
 
         )
         image.putalpha(alpha.convert("L"))
 

-    def _fill_area(self, buffer):
-        # pylint: disable=too-many-locals,too-many-branches,too-many-statements
+    def _fill_area(
+        self,
+        colorspace: Colorspace,
+        area: Area,
+        mask: WriteableBuffer,
+        buffer: WriteableBuffer,
+    ) -> bool:

         """Draw onto the image"""
         """Draw onto the image"""

-        if self._hidden_tilegrid:
-            return
-
-        if self._bitmap.width <= 0 or self._bitmap.height <= 0:
-            return
+        # pylint: disable=too-many-locals,too-many-branches,too-many-statements

 
 

-        # Copy class variables to local variables in case something changes
-        x = self._x
-        y = self._y
-        width = self._width
-        height = self._height
-        tile_width = self._tile_width
-        tile_height = self._tile_height
-        bitmap_width = self._bitmap.width
-        pixel_width = self._pixel_width
-        pixel_height = self._pixel_height
-        tiles = self._tiles
-        absolute_transform = self._absolute_transform
-        pixel_shader = self._pixel_shader
-        bitmap = self._bitmap
+        # If no tiles are present we have no impact

         tiles = self._tiles
 
         tiles = self._tiles
 

-        tile_count_x = bitmap_width // tile_width
+        if tiles is None or len(tiles) == 0:
+            return False

 
 

-        image = Image.new(
-            "RGBA",
-            (width * tile_width, height * tile_height),
-            (0, 0, 0, 0),
-        )
+        if self._hidden_tilegrid or self._hidden_by_parent:
+            return False
+        overlap = Area()  # area, current_area, overlap
+        if not area.compute_overlap(self._current_area, overlap):
+            return False
+        # else:
+        #    print("Checking", area.x1, area.y1, area.x2, area.y2)
+        #    print("Overlap", overlap.x1, overlap.y1, overlap.x2, overlap.y2)

 
 

-        for tile_x in range(width):
-            for tile_y in range(height):
-                tile_index = tiles[tile_y * width + tile_x]
-                tile_index_x = tile_index % tile_count_x
-                tile_index_y = tile_index // tile_count_x
-                tile_image = bitmap._image  # pylint: disable=protected-access
-                if isinstance(pixel_shader, Palette):
-                    tile_image = tile_image.copy().convert("P")
-                    self._apply_palette(tile_image)
-                    tile_image = tile_image.convert("RGBA")
-                    self._add_alpha(tile_image)
-                elif isinstance(pixel_shader, ColorConverter):
-                    # This will be needed for eInks, grayscale, and monochrome displays
-                    pass
-                image.alpha_composite(
-                    tile_image,
-                    dest=(tile_x * tile_width, tile_y * tile_height),
-                    source=(
-                        tile_index_x * tile_width,
-                        tile_index_y * tile_height,
-                        tile_index_x * tile_width + tile_width,
-                        tile_index_y * tile_height + tile_height,
-                    ),
-                )
+        if self._bitmap.width <= 0 or self._bitmap.height <= 0:
+            return False
+
+        x_stride = 1
+        y_stride = area.width()
+
+        flip_x = self._flip_x
+        flip_y = self._flip_y
+        if self._transpose_xy != self._absolute_transform.transpose_xy:
+            flip_x, flip_y = flip_y, flip_x
+
+        start = 0
+        if (self._absolute_transform.dx < 0) != flip_x:
+            start += (area.x2 - area.x1 - 1) * x_stride
+            x_stride *= -1
+        if (self._absolute_transform.dy < 0) != flip_y:
+            start += (area.y2 - area.y1 - 1) * y_stride
+            y_stride *= -1
+
+        # Track if this layer finishes filling in the given area. We can ignore any remaining
+        # layers at that point.
+        full_coverage = area == overlap
+
+        transformed = Area()
+        area.transform_within(
+            flip_x != (self._absolute_transform.dx < 0),
+            flip_y != (self._absolute_transform.dy < 0),
+            self.transpose_xy != self._absolute_transform.transpose_xy,
+            overlap,
+            self._current_area,
+            transformed,
+        )

 
 

-        if absolute_transform is not None:
-            if absolute_transform.scale > 1:
-                image = image.resize(
-                    (
-                        int(pixel_width * absolute_transform.scale),
-                        int(
-                            pixel_height * absolute_transform.scale,
-                        ),
-                    ),
-                    resample=Image.NEAREST,
-                )
-            if absolute_transform.mirror_x != self._flip_x:
-                image = image.transpose(Image.FLIP_LEFT_RIGHT)
-            if absolute_transform.mirror_y != self._flip_y:
-                image = image.transpose(Image.FLIP_TOP_BOTTOM)
-            if absolute_transform.transpose_xy != self._transpose_xy:
-                image = image.transpose(Image.TRANSPOSE)
-            x *= absolute_transform.dx
-            y *= absolute_transform.dy
-            x += absolute_transform.x
-            y += absolute_transform.y
-
-        source_x = source_y = 0
-        if x < 0:
-            source_x = round(0 - x)
-            x = 0
-        if y < 0:
-            source_y = round(0 - y)
-            y = 0
-
-        x = round(x)
-        y = round(y)
+        start_x = transformed.x1 - self._current_area.x1
+        end_x = transformed.x2 - self._current_area.x1
+        start_y = transformed.y1 - self._current_area.y1
+        end_y = transformed.y2 - self._current_area.y1

 
 

-        if (
-            x <= buffer.width
-            and y <= buffer.height
-            and source_x <= image.width
-            and source_y <= image.height
-        ):
-            buffer.alpha_composite(image, (x, y), source=(source_x, source_y))
+        if (self._absolute_transform.dx < 0) != flip_x:
+            x_shift = area.x2 - overlap.x2
+        else:
+            x_shift = overlap.x1 - area.x1
+        if (self._absolute_transform.dy < 0) != flip_y:
+            y_shift = area.y2 - overlap.y2
+        else:
+            y_shift = overlap.y1 - area.y1
+
+        # This untransposes x and y so it aligns with bitmap rows
+        if self._transpose_xy != self._absolute_transform.transpose_xy:
+            x_stride, y_stride = y_stride, x_stride
+            x_shift, y_shift = y_shift, x_shift
+
+        pixels_per_byte = 8 // colorspace.depth
+
+        input_pixel = InputPixelStruct()
+        output_pixel = OutputPixelStruct()
+        for input_pixel.y in range(start_y, end_y):
+            row_start = (
+                start + (input_pixel.y - start_y + y_shift) * y_stride
+            )  # In Pixels
+            local_y = input_pixel.y // self._absolute_transform.scale
+            for input_pixel.x in range(start_x, end_x):
+                # Compute the destination pixel in the buffer and mask based on the transformations
+                offset = (
+                    row_start + (input_pixel.x - start_x + x_shift) * x_stride
+                )  # In Pixels
+
+                # Check the mask first to see if the pixel has already been set
+                if mask[offset // 32] & (1 << (offset % 32)):
+                    continue
+                local_x = input_pixel.x // self._absolute_transform.scale
+                tile_location = (
+                    (local_y // self._tile_height + self._top_left_y)
+                    % self._height_in_tiles
+                ) * self._width_in_tiles + (
+                    local_x // self._tile_width + self._top_left_x
+                ) % self._width_in_tiles
+                input_pixel.tile = tiles[tile_location]
+                input_pixel.tile_x = (
+                    input_pixel.tile % self._bitmap_width_in_tiles
+                ) * self._tile_width + local_x % self._tile_width
+                input_pixel.tile_y = (
+                    input_pixel.tile // self._bitmap_width_in_tiles
+                ) * self._tile_height + local_y % self._tile_height
+
+                output_pixel.pixel = 0
+                input_pixel.pixel = 0
+
+                # We always want to read bitmap pixels by row first and then transpose into
+                # the destination buffer because most bitmaps are row associated.
+                if isinstance(self._bitmap, (Bitmap, OnDiskBitmap)):
+                    input_pixel.pixel = (
+                        self._bitmap._get_pixel(  # pylint: disable=protected-access
+                            input_pixel.tile_x, input_pixel.tile_y
+                        )
+                    )
+
+                output_pixel.opaque = True
+                if self._pixel_shader is None:
+                    output_pixel.pixel = input_pixel.pixel
+                elif isinstance(self._pixel_shader, Palette):
+                    self._pixel_shader._get_color(  # pylint: disable=protected-access
+                        colorspace, input_pixel, output_pixel
+                    )
+                elif isinstance(self._pixel_shader, ColorConverter):
+                    self._pixel_shader._convert(  # pylint: disable=protected-access
+                        colorspace, input_pixel, output_pixel
+                    )
+
+                if not output_pixel.opaque:
+                    full_coverage = False
+                else:
+                    mask[offset // 32] |= 1 << (offset % 32)
+                    if colorspace.depth == 16:
+                        struct.pack_into(
+                            "H",
+                            buffer.cast("B"),
+                            offset * 2,
+                            output_pixel.pixel,
+                        )
+                    elif colorspace.depth == 32:
+                        struct.pack_into(
+                            "I",
+                            buffer.cast("B"),
+                            offset * 4,
+                            output_pixel.pixel,
+                        )
+                    elif colorspace.depth == 8:
+                        buffer.cast("B")[offset] = output_pixel.pixel & 0xFF
+                    elif colorspace.depth < 8:
+                        # Reorder the offsets to pack multiple rows into
+                        # a byte (meaning they share a column).
+                        if not colorspace.pixels_in_byte_share_row:
+                            width = area.width()
+                            row = offset // width
+                            col = offset % width
+                            # Dividing by pixels_per_byte does truncated division
+                            # even if we multiply it back out
+                            offset = (
+                                col * pixels_per_byte
+                                + (row // pixels_per_byte) * pixels_per_byte * width
+                                + (row % pixels_per_byte)
+                            )
+                        shift = (offset % pixels_per_byte) * colorspace.depth
+                        if colorspace.reverse_pixels_in_byte:
+                            # Reverse the shift by subtracting it from the leftmost shift
+                            shift = (pixels_per_byte - 1) * colorspace.depth - shift
+                        buffer.cast("B")[offset // pixels_per_byte] |= (
+                            output_pixel.pixel << shift
+                        )
+
+        return full_coverage

 
     def _finish_refresh(self):
 
     def _finish_refresh(self):

-        pass
+        if not self._needs_refresh:
+            first_draw = self._previous_area.x1 == self._previous_area.x2
+            hidden = self._hidden_tilegrid or self._hidden_by_parent
+            if not first_draw and hidden:
+                self._previous_area.x2 = self._previous_area.x1
+            elif self._moved or first_draw:
+                self._current_area.copy_into(self._previous_area)
+
+            self._moved = False
+            self._full_change = False
+            self._partial_change = False
+            if isinstance(self._pixel_shader, (Palette, ColorConverter)):
+                self._pixel_shader._finish_refresh()  # pylint: disable=protected-access
+            if isinstance(self._bitmap, Bitmap):
+                self._bitmap._finish_refresh()  # pylint: disable=protected-access
+
+    def _get_refresh_areas(self, areas: list[Area]) -> None:
+        # pylint: disable=invalid-name, too-many-branches, too-many-statements
+        first_draw = self._previous_area.x1 == self._previous_area.x2
+        hidden = self._hidden_tilegrid or self._hidden_by_parent
+
+        # Check hidden first because it trumps all other changes
+        if hidden:
+            self._rendered_hidden = True
+            if not first_draw:
+                areas.append(self._previous_area)
+            self._needs_refresh = False
+            return
+        if self._moved and not first_draw:
+            self._previous_area.union(self._current_area, self._dirty_area)
+            if self._dirty_area.size() < 2 * self._pixel_width * self._pixel_height:
+                areas.append(self._dirty_area)
+                self._needs_refresh = False
+                return
+            areas.append(self._current_area)
+            areas.append(self._previous_area)
+            self._needs_refresh = False
+            return
+
+        tail = areas[-1] if areas else None
+        # If we have an in-memory bitmap, then check it for modifications
+        if isinstance(self._bitmap, Bitmap):
+            self._bitmap._get_refresh_areas(areas)  # pylint: disable=protected-access
+            refresh_area = areas[-1] if areas else None
+            if refresh_area != tail:
+                # Special case a TileGrid that shows a full bitmap and use its
+                # dirty area. Copy it to ours so we can transform it.
+                if self._tiles_in_bitmap == 1:
+                    refresh_area.copy_into(self._dirty_area)
+                    self._partial_change = True
+                else:
+                    self._full_change = True
+
+        self._full_change = self._full_change or (
+            isinstance(self._pixel_shader, (Palette, ColorConverter))
+            and self._pixel_shader._needs_refresh  # pylint: disable=protected-access
+        )
+        if self._full_change or first_draw:
+            areas.append(self._current_area)
+            self._needs_refresh = False
+            return
+
+        if self._partial_change:
+            x = self._x
+            y = self._y
+            if self._absolute_transform.transpose_xy:
+                x, y = y, x
+            x1 = self._dirty_area.x1
+            x2 = self._dirty_area.x2
+            if self._flip_x:
+                x1 = self._pixel_width - x1
+                x2 = self._pixel_width - x2
+            y1 = self._dirty_area.y1
+            y2 = self._dirty_area.y2
+            if self._flip_y:
+                y1 = self._pixel_height - y1
+                y2 = self._pixel_height - y2
+            if self._transpose_xy != self._absolute_transform.transpose_xy:
+                x1, y1 = y1, x1
+                x2, y2 = y2, x2
+            self._dirty_area.x1 = (
+                self._absolute_transform.x + self._absolute_transform.dx * (x + x1)
+            )
+            self._dirty_area.y1 = (
+                self._absolute_transform.y + self._absolute_transform.dy * (y + y1)
+            )
+            self._dirty_area.x2 = (
+                self._absolute_transform.x + self._absolute_transform.dx * (x + x2)
+            )
+            self._dirty_area.y2 = (
+                self._absolute_transform.y + self._absolute_transform.dy * (y + y2)
+            )
+            if self._dirty_area.y2 < self._dirty_area.y1:
+                self._dirty_area.y1, self._dirty_area.y2 = (
+                    self._dirty_area.y2,
+                    self._dirty_area.y1,
+                )
+            if self._dirty_area.x2 < self._dirty_area.x1:
+                self._dirty_area.x1, self._dirty_area.x2 = (
+                    self._dirty_area.x2,
+                    self._dirty_area.x1,
+                )
+            areas.append(self._dirty_area)
+        self._needs_refresh = False
+
+    def _set_hidden(self, hidden: bool) -> None:
+        self._needs_refresh = True
+        self._hidden_tilegrid = hidden
+        self._rendered_hidden = False
+        if not hidden:
+            self._full_change = True
+
+    def _set_hidden_by_parent(self, hidden: bool) -> None:
+        self._needs_refresh = True
+        self._hidden_by_parent = hidden
+        self._rendered_hidden = False
+        if not hidden:
+            self._full_change = True
+
+    def _get_rendered_hidden(self) -> bool:
+        return self._rendered_hidden
+
+    def _set_all_tiles(self, tile_index: int) -> None:
+        """Set all tiles to the given tile index"""
+        if tile_index >= self._tiles_in_bitmap:
+            raise ValueError("Tile index out of bounds")
+        self._tiles = bytearray(
+            (self._width_in_tiles * self._height_in_tiles) * [tile_index]
+        )
+        self._full_change = True
+
+    def _set_tile(self, x: int, y: int, tile_index: int) -> None:
+        self._needs_refresh = True
+        self._tiles[y * self._width_in_tiles + x] = tile_index
+        temp_area = Area()
+        if not self._partial_change:
+            tile_area = self._dirty_area
+        else:
+            tile_area = temp_area
+        top_x = (x - self._top_left_x) % self._width_in_tiles
+        if top_x < 0:
+            top_x += self._width_in_tiles
+        tile_area.x1 = top_x * self._tile_width
+        tile_area.x2 = tile_area.x1 + self._tile_width
+        top_y = (y - self._top_left_y) % self._height_in_tiles
+        if top_y < 0:
+            top_y += self._height_in_tiles
+        tile_area.y1 = top_y * self._tile_height
+        tile_area.y2 = tile_area.y1 + self._tile_height
+
+        if self._partial_change:
+            self._dirty_area.union(temp_area, self._dirty_area)
+
+        self._partial_change = True
+
+    def _set_top_left(self, x: int, y: int) -> None:
+        self._top_left_x = x
+        self._top_left_y = y
+        self._full_change = True

 
     @property
     def hidden(self) -> bool:
 
     @property
     def hidden(self) -> bool:


@@ -308,7 +577,8 @@ class TileGrid:
     def hidden(self, value: bool):
         if not isinstance(value, (bool, int)):
             raise ValueError("Expecting a boolean or integer value")
     def hidden(self, value: bool):
         if not isinstance(value, (bool, int)):
             raise ValueError("Expecting a boolean or integer value")

-        self._hidden_tilegrid = bool(value)
+        value = bool(value)
+        self._set_hidden(value)

 
     @property
     def x(self) -> int:
 
     @property
     def x(self) -> int:


@@ -320,8 +590,10 @@ class TileGrid:
         if not isinstance(value, int):
             raise TypeError("X should be a integer type")
         if self._x != value:
         if not isinstance(value, int):
             raise TypeError("X should be a integer type")
         if self._x != value:

+            self._moved = True

             self._x = value
             self._x = value

-            self._update_current_x()
+            if self._absolute_transform is not None:
+                self._update_current_x()

 
     @property
     def y(self) -> int:
 
     @property
     def y(self) -> int:


@@ -333,8 +605,10 @@ class TileGrid:
         if not isinstance(value, int):
             raise TypeError("Y should be a integer type")
         if self._y != value:
         if not isinstance(value, int):
             raise TypeError("Y should be a integer type")
         if self._y != value:

+            self._moved = True

             self._y = value
             self._y = value

-            self._update_current_y()
+            if self._absolute_transform is not None:
+                self._update_current_y()

 
     @property
     def flip_x(self) -> bool:
 
     @property
     def flip_x(self) -> bool:


@@ -346,7 +620,9 @@ class TileGrid:
         if not isinstance(value, bool):
             raise TypeError("Flip X should be a boolean type")
         if self._flip_x != value:
         if not isinstance(value, bool):
             raise TypeError("Flip X should be a boolean type")
         if self._flip_x != value:

+            self._needs_refresh = True

             self._flip_x = value
             self._flip_x = value

+            self._full_change = True

 
     @property
     def flip_y(self) -> bool:
 
     @property
     def flip_y(self) -> bool:


@@ -358,7 +634,9 @@ class TileGrid:
         if not isinstance(value, bool):
             raise TypeError("Flip Y should be a boolean type")
         if self._flip_y != value:
         if not isinstance(value, bool):
             raise TypeError("Flip Y should be a boolean type")
         if self._flip_y != value:

+            self._needs_refresh = True

             self._flip_y = value
             self._flip_y = value

+            self._full_change = True

 
     @property
     def transpose_xy(self) -> bool:
 
     @property
     def transpose_xy(self) -> bool:


@@ -368,13 +646,18 @@ class TileGrid:
         return self._transpose_xy
 
     @transpose_xy.setter
         return self._transpose_xy
 
     @transpose_xy.setter

-    def transpose_xy(self, value: bool):
+    def transpose_xy(self, value: bool) -> None:

         if not isinstance(value, bool):
             raise TypeError("Transpose XY should be a boolean type")
         if self._transpose_xy != value:
         if not isinstance(value, bool):
             raise TypeError("Transpose XY should be a boolean type")
         if self._transpose_xy != value:

+            self._needs_refresh = True

             self._transpose_xy = value
             self._transpose_xy = value

+            if self._pixel_width == self._pixel_height:
+                self._full_change = True
+                return

             self._update_current_x()
             self._update_current_y()
             self._update_current_x()
             self._update_current_y()

+            self._moved = True

 
     @property
     def pixel_shader(self) -> Union[ColorConverter, Palette]:
 
     @property
     def pixel_shader(self) -> Union[ColorConverter, Palette]:


@@ -391,22 +674,21 @@ class TileGrid:
             )
 
         self._pixel_shader = new_pixel_shader
             )
 
         self._pixel_shader = new_pixel_shader

+        self._full_change = True
+        self._needs_refresh = True

 
     @property
 
     @property

-    def bitmap(self) -> Union[Bitmap, OnDiskBitmap, Shape]:
-        """The Bitmap, OnDiskBitmap, or Shape that is assigned to this TileGrid"""
+    def bitmap(self) -> Union[Bitmap, OnDiskBitmap]:
+        """The Bitmap or OnDiskBitmap that is assigned to this TileGrid"""

         return self._bitmap
 
     @bitmap.setter
         return self._bitmap
 
     @bitmap.setter

-    def bitmap(self, new_bitmap: Union[Bitmap, OnDiskBitmap, Shape]) -> None:
-
-        if (
-            not isinstance(new_bitmap, Bitmap)
-            and not isinstance(new_bitmap, OnDiskBitmap)
-            and not isinstance(new_bitmap, Shape)
+    def bitmap(self, new_bitmap: Union[Bitmap, OnDiskBitmap]) -> None:
+        if not isinstance(new_bitmap, Bitmap) and not isinstance(
+            new_bitmap, OnDiskBitmap

         ):
             raise TypeError(
         ):
             raise TypeError(

-                "Unsupported Type: new_bitmap must be Bitmap, OnDiskBitmap, or Shape"
+                "Unsupported Type: new_bitmap must be Bitmap or OnDiskBitmap"

             )
 
         if (
             )
 
         if (


@@ -415,45 +697,51 @@ class TileGrid:
         ):
             raise ValueError("New bitmap must be same size as old bitmap")
 
         ):
             raise ValueError("New bitmap must be same size as old bitmap")
 

+        self._needs_refresh = True

         self._bitmap = new_bitmap
         self._bitmap = new_bitmap

+        self._full_change = True

 
     def _extract_and_check_index(self, index):
         if isinstance(index, (tuple, list)):
             x = index[0]
             y = index[1]
 
     def _extract_and_check_index(self, index):
         if isinstance(index, (tuple, list)):
             x = index[0]
             y = index[1]

-            index = y * self._width + x
+            index = y * self._width_in_tiles + x

         elif isinstance(index, int):
         elif isinstance(index, int):

-            x = index % self._width
-            y = index // self._width
-        if x > self._width or y > self._height or index >= len(self._tiles):
+            x = index % self._width_in_tiles
+            y = index // self._width_in_tiles
+        if (
+            x > self._width_in_tiles
+            or y > self._height_in_tiles
+            or index >= len(self._tiles)
+        ):

             raise ValueError("Tile index out of bounds")
             raise ValueError("Tile index out of bounds")

-        return index
+        return x, y

 
     def __getitem__(self, index: Union[Tuple[int, int], int]) -> int:
         """Returns the tile index at the given index. The index can either be
         an x,y tuple or an int equal to ``y * width + x``'.
         """
 
     def __getitem__(self, index: Union[Tuple[int, int], int]) -> int:
         """Returns the tile index at the given index. The index can either be
         an x,y tuple or an int equal to ``y * width + x``'.
         """

-        index = self._extract_and_check_index(index)
-        return self._tiles[index]
+        x, y = self._extract_and_check_index(index)
+        return self._tiles[y * self._width_in_tiles + x]

 
     def __setitem__(self, index: Union[Tuple[int, int], int], value: int) -> None:
         """Sets the tile index at the given index. The index can either be
         an x,y tuple or an int equal to ``y * width + x``.
         """
 
     def __setitem__(self, index: Union[Tuple[int, int], int], value: int) -> None:
         """Sets the tile index at the given index. The index can either be
         an x,y tuple or an int equal to ``y * width + x``.
         """

-        index = self._extract_and_check_index(index)
+        x, y = self._extract_and_check_index(index)

         if not 0 <= value <= 255:
             raise ValueError("Tile value out of bounds")
         if not 0 <= value <= 255:
             raise ValueError("Tile value out of bounds")

-        self._tiles[index] = value
+        self._set_tile(x, y, value)

 
     @property
     def width(self) -> int:
         """Width in tiles"""
 
     @property
     def width(self) -> int:
         """Width in tiles"""

-        return self._width
+        return self._width_in_tiles

 
     @property
     def height(self) -> int:
         """Height in tiles"""
 
     @property
     def height(self) -> int:
         """Height in tiles"""

-        return self._height
+        return self._height_in_tiles

 
     @property
     def tile_width(self) -> int:
 
     @property
     def tile_width(self) -> int: